The Mariner program was carried out between 1962 and late 1973 by NASA and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, in which ten interplanetary probes were designed and built to explore the inner Solar System.

The James Webb Space Telescope is the largest optical telescope in space, primarily designed to conduct infrared astronomy. Its high infrared sensitivity and resolution allow it to view objects...

The Artemis program is a planned NASA-led spaceflight program to explore the Moon, aiming for a touchdown near the lunar south pole by 2024

NASA's Space Shuttle program was its fourth human spaceflight program, which accomplished routine transportation for Earth-to-orbit crew and cargo from 1981 to 2011. It flew 135 missions that carried...

Ax-1 launched on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket on April 8, 2022, beginning a 10-day journey that includes eight days aboard the ISS, as the first-ever fully private crewed mission to launch to...

Perseverance is a car-sized rover on Mars that is designed to explore the Jezero crater as part of NASA's Mars 2020 mission, and carried Ingenuity, the mini-helicopter, to Mars as an experimental...

Rosetta was a space probe built by the ESA that launched on March 2, 2004, to perform a detailed study of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko.

Clementine was launched on January 25, 1994, with the objective of testing sensors and spacecraft components in long-term exposure to space and making scientific observations of the Moon and the...

The Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) NASA mission was developed to observe the Sun and enhance our understanding of our Solar System's star.

The Magellan robotic space probe was launched on May 4, 1989, by NASA to map the surface of Venus and measure the gravitational field.

Gemini 2 was the second uncrewed spaceflight of Project Gemini that was launched on January 19, 1965.

Stardust was a robotic space probe launched in 1999, with the primary mission of collecting cosmic dust and dust samples from the comet Wild 2 and returning them to Earth.

Gaia is a space observatory launched on December 19, 2013, by the European Space Agency (ESA), designed to measure stars' positions, distances, and motions with precision.

The Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer, IXPE, is a space observatory that was launched on December 9, 2021, designed to measure the polarization of cosmic X-rays.

MAVEN is a 2013 American spacecraft intended to study the loss of Mars' atmospheric gases to space and provide insight into the planet's climate and water history.

Gemini XII was the 10th and final crewed Gemini flight, commanded by NASA veteran James A. Lovell and rookie Edwin "Buzz" Aldrin.

The Venera program was a series of space probes developed by the Soviet Union between 1961 and 1984 to gather information about Venus.

2001 Mars Odyssey is a robotic spacecraft project developed by NASA that was sent to orbit Mars to detect evidence of past or present water and ice, and to study Mars' radiation environment and...